Lockdown got your finances down? How can tax help...

So, if 2020 and the current UK #coronavirus lockdown has given some of us anything (useful I mean), it's time. As your friendly online tax practitioner, I thought I'd share some handy tips of what you could be looking at if you have some downtime on your hands.

1. GET YOUR TAX RETURN SORTED OUT!

Whether that means doing it yourself through your HMRC personal tax account, or working with your tax practitioner to get it filed early, now is a good time to do it, and not just because it gets it out of the way. For those with payments on account to make in July (although we all know you have the ability to defer those payments until January) it could result in a reduction in that payment. Similarly, if you work in the construction industry as a self-employed contractor you're probably owed a tax rebate from your CIS deductions. Working with some clients during lockdown I've seen 4 figure sum rebates, which have been really handy.

2. SEE IF YOU CAN MAKE A MARRIAGE ALLOWANCE CLAIM

If you're married or in a civil partnership, can you answer yes to both of these questions:

• Are you a basic rate taxpayer?
• Does your spouse earn less than £12,500 a year? 

If you can, then congratulations your spouse/civil partner might be able to transfer £1,250 of their personal allowance to you resulting in a tax rebate of up to £250 every tax year (6 April to 5 April the next year). You can backdate your claim to include any tax year since 5 April 2016 that you were eligible for Marriage Allowance. This is possible whether you're an employee or self-employed, check out THIS LINK to see if you can claim.

3. SELF EMPLOYED? HAVE YOU CLAIMED SEISS?

If you were self-employed in the 2019/20 tax year, have submitted your self-assessment tax return for the 2018/19 tax year, had your self-employment affected by coronavirus, and had profits under £50,000 for the last three years then you should be eligible and HMRC should have written to you.

If they have, and you haven't got around to applying, DO IT NOW! There's a mistaken belief amongst many in the self-employed community that they can only claim if they haven't been working at all. That is simply not true, it is only necessary that the coronavirus outbreak has had a detrimental effect on your business. But remember, any payment you receive under SEISS is taxable in 2020/21, so make sure you keep some aside to cover the tax if you can. You can also check out another of my blogs about HMRC's new powers should anyone make a fraudulent claim.

Taxation of UK Coronavirus Support Payments

There is new draft UK legislation for addition to FA 2020 for the taxation of coronavirus support payments:

https://www.gov.uk/government/consultations/draft-legislation-taxation-of-coronavirus-covid-19-support-payments

It applies to individuals, businesses, partnership members, and employers. The legislation confirms the taxability to Income Tax or Corporation Tax of all such receipts subject to business profits on normal principles.

The legislation also provides for Income Tax assessments at 100% of any amount to which the recipient was not entitled and gives HMRC the power to levy penalties upon any deliberately incorrect claims – subject to a 30-day self-reporting window. Furthermore, the legislation will make culpable company officers jointly and severally liable to Income Tax for deliberate false claims where the company could not pay the assessment.

What they giveth with one hand...

Loan Charge - Where are we?

A lot of what I will post here is direct from HMRC's recently published guidance last week (it's here if you really want to read all of it)on the upcoming changes to the loan charge following the review by Sir Amyas Morse late last year. The review was published on 20 December 2019 along with the government’s response to it. The government announced that it would accept all but one of the review’s recommendations. The measures announced will include the following changes to the loan charge:

• it will only apply to outstanding balances of disguised remuneration loans made between 9 December 2010 and 5 April 2019 inclusive;
• it will not apply to loans made in tax years before 2016 to 2017 where a reasonable disclosure of the use of a disguised remuneration tax avoidance scheme was made within the relevant tax return or, where appropriate, associated documents, and HMRC failed to take any action (for example by opening an enquiry);
• those affected by the loan charge will be able to elect to split their loan balance over 3 consecutive years - 2018 to 2019, 2019 to 2020 and 2020 to 2021;
• late payment interest will not be payable for the period 1 February 2020 to 30 September 2020 on any Self Assessment liability as long as a return is filed and the tax paid, or an arrangement made with HMRC to do so, by 30 September 2020;
• moving the date by which the additional information form must be returned to HMRC from 1 October 2019 to 1 October 2020 - the form requires customers to provide full information to HMRC relating to any outstanding disguised remuneration loans which they will need to make tax payments for.

It is important to note that these measures will have effect retrospectively to 5 April 2019, which is the relevant date for the purposes of applying the loan charge.

If you have any questions about these changes please contact HMRC's loan charge review team by email:  loanchargeconsultationresponses@hmrc.gov.uk.

Income Tax - How it works (a users guide)

In the run-up to the upcoming UK general election, I have had quite a few interactions on social media with people discussing the various tax policies of the main parties. It has been quite clear to me, and on more than one occasion directly pointed out to me, that most people really don't understand how our current Income Tax system works, let alone the proposals in the manifestos. So, as ever I'm here to help (and also to hopefully help as many people as possible without having a million-and-one Twitter conversations to achieve it!).

Income Tax

• At the moment you all get a £12,500 personal allowance before you pay any Income Tax;
• After that, the next £37,500 is taxed at 20%. So, your maximum Income Tax bill is £7,500 if you earn £50,000 a year (we'll come on to National Insurance later);
• Above £50,000 (that's your £12,500 personal allowance and £37,500 20% band), you'll pay Income Tax at 40% (but only on everything above that figure);
• If you're fortunate (or unfortunate in tax terms) to earn above £100,000 a year, then you lose your personal allowance by £1 for every £2 you earn above £100,000. This creates an effective 60% Income Tax rate between £100,00 and £125,000;
• Between £125,000 and £150,000 you're back to paying just 40% Income Tax on that slice of income; and finally
• Above £150,000 you will pay 45% Income Tax.

Footnote: there are different rates of tax for dividends (7.5%, 32.5%, and 38.1%), and there are other Income Tax reliefs.

So, as you can see our current Income Tax system is about as clear as mud, and that's before we've even got on to National Insurance...

National Insurance

Unfortunately, despite many promises, the National Insurance (NI) system has never quite been aligned to Income Tax. However, it is somewhat simpler than Income Tax:

• On your first £8,632 you pay no NI;
• Between £8,632.52 and £50,024 you pay NI at 12%; and
• Over £50,025 you pay NI at 2%

Footnote: there are different rates for the self-employed, and if you take your remuneration from your business as a dividend there is no NI on that.

So, assuming you're an employee (things are a little for the self-employed/company owner) that's how tax works. Unfortunately, there seem to be a lot of people out there who think when you breach a certain tax band you pay that rate on all your income, not so my friends...

Finally, Labour's 45% above £80,000. How much difference will it make? Well, for every £1,000 over the threshold you earn you'll pay an extra £50 a year, or 96p a week. Doesn't even buy a cup of coffee does it? If you're lucky enough to earn £100,000, then it'll cost you £1,000 a year, or £19.23 a week (about the cost of a McDonalds for a family of four). Not as horrendous as it sounds when you think about it...

Ever wonder where your tax goes? Well, let me tell you

Have you ever wondered where your income taxes go? Well, the good news is that if you have a personal tax account (it's easy enough to obtain one, see here) you can. However, to save you good people the trouble, I went and looked at mine. This is on a percentage basis how my taxes got spent (everyones should be the same):

Description	2017-18	2016-17	2015-16	2014-15	Avg.
Welfare	23.8%	24.3%	25.0%	25.3%	24.6%
Health	19.9%	20.3%	19.9%	19.9%	20.0%
State Pensions	12.8%	12.9%	12.8%	12.8%	12.8%
Education	12.0%	12.3%	12.0%	12.5%	12.2%
National Debt Interest	6.1%	5.5%	5.3%	5.0%	5.5%
Defence	5.3%	5.2%	5.2%	5.4%	5.3%
Public Order and Safety	4.3%	4.2%	4.3%	4.4%	4.3%
Transport	4.3%	4.2%	4.0%	3.0%	3.9%
Business and Industry	2.9%	2.5%	2.4%	2.7%	2.6%
Government Administration	2.1%	2.1%	2.0%	2.0%	2.1%
Culture	1.6%	1.6%	1.6%	1.8%	1.7%
Environment	1.6%	1.6%	1.7%	1.7%	1.7%
Housing and Utilities	1.6%	1.5%	1.4%	1.6%	1.5%
Overseas Aid	1.2%	1.1%	1.2%	1.3%	1.2%
UK Contribution to the EU	0.7%	0.7%	1.1%	0.6%	0.8%

I have shown the percentages for the last four years, and it throws out some interesting results. Largely the biggest shocker is that the percentages stay pretty stable over the four years, although there are a couple of culprits that seem to deviate from the average, principally spending on welfare and national debt interest.

HMRC helpfully also published a paper in November 2018 detailing how much tax they've collected (it can be found here), it really is a great cure for insomnia, I recommend it. However, if you just want to know how much tax the government collects check out page 4. Interestingly the "tax take" has been increasing year on year for some time. To get another idea of just how many different types of tax there are, you could do worse than looking at the Taxpayers Alliance.

I don't intend to draw any political conclusions, that's not my place (I'm a tax advisor after all, not a politician), but I will leave you all with one Brexit related fact though. The median annual income in the UK, according to the most recent Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings, is £28,677 for full-time employees. This means the average tax for an employee is £5,640. So, on average the EU gets £45.12 a year from your taxes...

Tax! What can you do about it?

Yes, I know it is tax return silly season. Yes, I know I should be spending my valuable time filing tax returns. So, why have I decided to write this blog? Well, believe it or not, it has actually arisen from having looked at so many tax returns lately. It never ceases to amaze me that every year I will have clients ask me what they can do to reduce their tax bill. For last year. In January. Oh, how we laugh...

Of course, we all know that the tax year ends on the 5th of April. Your tax return and payment of tax has to be dealt with by the following 31st of January.

Therefore, if I'm helping you file your tax return in January we're already nine months beyond the end of the tax year. So, if you're thinking about making that big pension contribution, or buying that new van, it's a bit late for us to offset it against your tax for last year, unless of course your tax adviser also happens to be Gandalf the Grey.

As with all things, there are of course some clever things we can suggest, like Venture Capital Trust (VCT) or Enterprise Investments Scheme (EIS) investments. Well, we can suggest them, but you'll need an IFA to do them. So, again it's unlikely anything can be sorted out in the dying days of January.

So, the point I'm trying to make (through the fog of a tax return induced migraine), is that rather than wait for the orcs of Mordor, sorry I mean the inspectors of HM Revenue & Customs, to come knocking on your door on the 31st of January you might be better seeking the help of your local friendly tax adviser before they arrive. So, to avoid an invasion of the forces of darkness (HMRC), best have that chat before the 5th of April...

Don't delay, file your tax return today!

Great to see some tax-related news from the BBC that's reasonably accurate today. Yes, I'm talking about tax return filing behaviour in the UK. If you want to take a look at their article it can be found here https://bbc.in/2M3QOIq courtesy of BBC News.

What's interesting though is that HMRC published this information on 1 February 2018 (https://bit.ly/2Fz7pzs courtesy of HMRC), although I suppose I should still applaud the BBC for bringing the plight of all of us humble tax practitioners to light.

Perhaps, at last, our clients will understand why we look like zombies at the end of January (and maybe they'll get their tax papers to us a bit sooner)!

For those who don't want to click through all the links and try to extract the facts, I'll set them out here:

• 11,433,349 Self Assessment returns were due for 2016/17
• 10,687,761 returns were received by midnight on 31 January 2018 (93.5% of total issued)
• Around 745,588 Self Assessment returns were still outstanding on 1 February 2018
• 9,916,430 returns were filed online (92.8%)
• 771,331 returns were filed on paper (7.22%)
• more than 4,852,744 returns were received online in January 2018 (44.8% of the total received)
• 1,290,948 returns were received on 30 and 31 January 2018 (26.6 % of total returns received in January)
• busiest hour: 4pm to 5pm on 31 January 2018 – 60,596 returns received (1,010 per minute; 17 per second)
• 389,849 payments transactions were handled on 31 January 2018

The really surprising thing is, go and apply these stats to your owns clients, you'll find those percentages are not far out. At the time of writing this, we're still waiting for about 25% of our clients to send us their tax information...

Have a productive January 2019 folks!

Dividend Tax: HMRC's smash and grab...

As I'm sure you're aware the much heralded dividend tax comes into force with effect from 6 April 2016.  It will apply to all dividends received in excess of £5,000 per tax year (regardless of whether from listed investments or your own company). All of this means that an average company director taking a modest salary within his personal allowance, and the rest of his income from the company as dividends, will pay more tax in 2016/17 than he did in 2015/16.

This additional tax would be payable, under self-assessment by 31 January 2018, as the balancing payment for that tax year. However, it would seem that HMRC does not want to wait for the extra tax in the Treasury's coffers, and it's solution to improve the nation's cashflow has been to amend the tax codes of many company owner/directors to effectively collect "at source" an estimated amount based on the previous year's returned figures.

The deduction in a client's PAYE code is to be labelled as ‘dividend tax’, and the notes on the P2 (PAYE coding notice) will say: "this is to collect the basic rate of tax due on your dividend income".

The net result of this is that a lot of company owner/directors will suddenly start to see tax being deducted from their salaries (which are typically below the tax free personal allowance). Unfortunately, this is just another underhand smash  and grab by HMRC and the Treasury on the pocket of private business!

You can contact HMRC by telephoning them on 0300 200 3300 or complete an online coding notice query here. Alternatively, although not as quick as the two previous methods, you can write to HMRC at:

Pay As You Earn and Self Assessment

HM Revenue and Customs

BX9 1AS

Claiming Marriage Allowance

Source: HM Revenue & Customs

Marriage Allowance opened to the public in September this year, allowing eligible couples to save up to £212 in the tax they pay each year. An application can be submitted within your Self Assessment tax return or made online.

Marriage Allowance lets you transfer £1,060 of your Personal Allowance to your husband, wife or civil partner. Your Personal Allowance is the income you don’t have to pay tax on - for most people it’s £10,600. Adding £1,060 to your partner’s Personal Allowance means they’ll pay £212 less tax in the tax year (6 April to 5 April the next year). You can get Marriage Allowance if both:

• your partner’s income is between £10,601 and £42,385
• you and your partner were born on or after 6 April 1935

By claiming Marriage Allowance:

• your partner’s Personal Allowance increases to £11,660 - they’ll pay £212 less tax
• your Personal Allowance goes down to £9,540 - you won’t pay any tax if your income’s less than this

You can apply for Marriage Allowance online. If your application is successful, changes to your Personal Allowances will be backdated to the start of the tax year (6 April).

If your circumstances change, then you may need to cancel your Marriage Allowance, for example if your partner dies, or you get divorced. More details of this can be found here

.

Dividends, an update...

Following on from my earlier blog on the changes to the taxation of dividends there has been a further update on how those changes are going to apply to all dividend income. HM Treasury confirmed in August via a HM Revenue & Customs factsheet that the £5,000 dividend allowance is actually a zero rate tax band just for dividend income and that it will still form part of the £31,785 basic rate band for income tax purposes, rather than in addition to it as some of us had hoped. HMRC state:

"The Dividend Allowance will not reduce your total income for tax purposes. However, it will mean that you don’t have any tax to pay on the first £5,000 of dividend income you receive. Dividends within your allowance will still count towards your basic or higher rate bands, and may therefore affect the rate of tax that you pay on dividends you receive in excess of the £5,000 allowance."

At present owners of small companies could pay themselves up to £42,385 a year without suffering any income tax (taking into account their personal allowance of £10,500 in 2015/16 as well as the dividend allowance), whereas assuming that the basic rate band and personal allowance remained the same in 2016/17 then the increase in tax would be just over £2,000 as a direct comparison, this is without seeing an increase in their income!

For those extracting in excess of the basic rate band the picture worsens, as currently for every £1,000 extracted as dividend only £250 would have to be paid over to HMRC. From next April with the abolition of the dividend tax credit this will rise to £325. So, for a business owner extracting £100,000 a year from their business the changes to the taxation of dividends will cost a little over £6,300 more in tax than it does currently.

Obviously these are two extremes of looking at how owners of small to medium family companies choose to remunerate themselves, but it is apparent to see that the overall increase in this bracket amounts to a flat 7.5 pence in the pound for any dividends over and above the combined personal and dividend allowances. It is quite easy to see how according to the Government’s estimates, the new dividend tax regime is expected to raise £2.54bn during 2016/17, with smaller, but still significant income flowing to the Treasury in subsequent years!

Dividends? All change...

So, in this month's emergency budget the Chancellor announced the biggest shake up of tax on investment in over a generation. No longer will dividend income for basic rate taxpayers be, in effect, tax free. The 10% notional tax credit that almost all of us have always accepted as a slightly odd anomaly of the tax code is no more, well from next April at least! So, what exactly  does this all mean and how does it affect you, me and all the millions of business owners and investors in the UK?

Well, first of all we have a new £5,000 dividend allowance, which in effect means the first £5,000 of dividend income you receive (be that from your business, or your portfolio) will still be tax free. However, anything over and above that will be subject to 7.5% tax at the basic rate, 32.5% at the higher rate and 37.5% for additional rate taxpayers. As with most changes to the system of taxes in the UK there are various winners and losers as a result.

The is also in addition to the £1,000 savings, or interest allowance that was announced last year. All of which points to government wanting to encourage the small investor in a move away from cash to bolster the financial markets. Well, that is my opinion at least, given that what we are seeing is in effect a tax break for investing in the equities market.


It is possible that investors who have built up sizeable portfolios could be subject to the higher rate. For example, a share portfolio of £125,000 with a yield of 4 per cent will generate £5,000 income a year and use up the dividend allowance. So, we are not talking about something that will affect only the "super-rich" here.

Similarly, for owners of small businesses who have for many a year sought to save tax my taking their remuneration out of their companies as dividend we will see a huge change. Whilst large companies will still be more tax efficient under the new system (although not as efficient as they once were), smaller family businesses may find themselves facing larger tax bills as a corporate entity and the prospect of dis-incorporation looms as a partnership may once again mean paying tax.


So, enough of the doom and gloom, what are the advantages and what can you do to iron out some of the knottier problems:

Maximise your annual tax-free dividend allowance
Each person will be entitled to a new tax-free Dividend Allowance of £5,000 per annum. Married couples (and registered civil partners) should spread their taxable portfolios between them to make full use of each person's allowance.

Make the most of each spouse's income tax allowance and tax bands
It sounds obvious, but married couples should still seek to make full use of their personal allowances and basic rate tax bands, where applicable, so that taxable dividends are paid in the name of the spouse who pays the lowest tax rates.

Defer taxation using an investment bond
Dividend income within an investment bond grows almost free of taxation. Investors only pay tax when profits are withdrawn from the bond, and even then withdrawals of up to 5 per cent of the original capital per year (cumulative) can be taken without an immediate tax charge.

Don't forget your ISA
Taxpayers will see a tax increase of 7.5 per cent on dividend income received above £5,000 a year. This makes sheltering taxable investments in an ISA all the more important as unlimited dividends can be withdrawn from an ISA tax-free.  There is also no capital gains tax to pay in an ISA. Up to £15,240 worth of existing investments can be sheltered in the current tax year.

So what about business owners?
Well, at present the picture is far from rosy, and although the "tax scheme industry" has already rolled up its sleeves to come up with a cunning plan I fear it will end as most of Baldrick's did in disaster for the participants. That said, this is not all bad news, the current system of taxation on dividends has always seemed a bit odd when compared to the rest of the tax code, and for the vast majority will still be preferential to taking a salary. Unfortunately, it really is only those on the fringes of this argument who will see a genuine negative effect and as I've already said dis-incorporation might be attractive, there is after all a £100,000 relief available after all!

Entrepreneurs' Relief for Management Teams

Tax changes announced in Budget 2015 may well cause many management teams to lose tax relief on their existing shareholdings. Management teams who club together to hold their equity via a separate management 'feeder' company will be affected by this change. This approach is popular with many private equity investors because it pools management in a single vehicle and reduces the number of minority shareholders.

It also means that UK management can hold shares in a UK company, as opposed to having shares in overseas holding companies, which many managers will prefer, and is usually simpler. In recent years, such structures have had the benefit of enabling managers who hold 5% of the shares in the feeder company to claim entrepreneurs' relief on sale giving a 10% tax rate on an eventual exit. 

This is because the current 'joint venture' rules treat the feeder company as trading, on the basis that it has a qualifying stake in the underlying trading company. This treatment is removed with immediate effect. The shareholding will no longer be treated as being in a trading company so no entrepreneurs' relief will be available.

Management teams who have invested via such structures will now pay tax at 28% on any gains, rather than the expected 10%. The usual rule which provides a grace period for entrepreneurs' relief for three years after a company has ceased trading has been removed in these circumstances. Companies that have been affected by these changes will need to urgently review their shareholding structures and incentive arrangements.

5 Tax Planning Projects you should be thinking about...

So, we're at the beginning of a new tax year again, and we get the delight of possibly having a second budget this year depending on the outcome of next month's general election. Couple this with an increasingly darkening mood in the media towards the issue of tax and you could be forgiven for thinking that all thoughts of saving tax are moot, yet nothing could be further from the truth...

Tax Efficient Savings

Of course we can talk about the use of ISAs and the increased allowances that were announced in the budget, or even the new home-buyer ISAs. However, of more interest are the recent changes to the tax legislation surrounding pensions, and the fact that under the right circumstances they are now effectively a completely tax-free vehicle (even on the event of your death). Okay you say, but I'm limited to placing £40,000 a year into pension (of course you could carry forward if you've not been making the most of pensions, but that's a blog all on it's own). Well, then we can move on to look at EISs and VCTs, both of which offer the advantage of reducing your income (and possibly capital gains) tax bill.

Off to University?

Very often overlooked is the ability to use your personal company to fund your children's university fees in the most tax efficient manner. I did write a whole blog post on this a little while ago, see here for more details http://stevenholdentax.blogspot.co.uk/2014/09/university-fees-and-tax.html

Family Investment Company

Again, this is the resurrection of some well tried and tested planning, the only reason they fell out of favour was due to the higher rate of corporation tax being applied to close investment companies. However, with the higher rate of corporation tax falling down to 20% now there is no longer a penalty for operating your investments through a company structure. The advantages are manifold, although there can be some disadvantages too, full details can be found here http://stevenholdentax.blogspot.co.uk/2015/01/could-family-investment-company-help.html 

Review your investments

This particular bit of advice has two prongs, the first of which is to ensure that you are using up all of your available allowances for income tax, capital gains tax, inheritance tax and maxing out your contributions to tax favoured investments. That's the easy one. The less straightforward option is to look at the more unusal investment wrappers that come with a built in tax advantage such as bonds (which offer a 5% tax deferred income for 20 years), and others like discounted gift trusts and loan trusts that not only offer income tax benefits, but capital gains and inheritance tax benefits too.

Avoid Tax Schemes

Whilst the promises of mass marketed tax schemes can appear attractive, their success is often short lived. Furthermore, given the current Government's and the media's appetite for naming and shaming those involved in aggressive avoidance is another deterrent. There have been several high profile cases in recent year's and the "tax scheme" industry as a whole has been painted in a very bad light indeed. I would also expect it not to be too long before we see HMRC flexing the new muscles it gained when the GAAR was introduced. The day of the mass marketed tax scheme is all but over, unfortunately certain parts of the profession have failed to recognise this and are still peddling such schemes, BEWARE!

Last Minute Year End Tax Planning Tips!

With the end of the 2014-15 UK tax year (5 April) looming in to view and the UK Budget having just happened last week, it is time to consider various year end UK personal tax planning tips that might make a difference in reducing your tax liabilities.

My top UK tax saving tips are:

Ensure that each spouse (or civil partner) uses their full Personal Allowance (PA) for income tax purposes where possible. Currently this stands at £10,000 for 201/15 and is not liable to tax. Spouses/civil partners should also consider transferring income producing assets to each other in order ensure that PAs are not wasted. If as a self-employed person or though a family company you employ a spouse to assist in the running of the business, the spouse could be remunerated fairly to utilise their tax-free PA.

Minor children are also entitled to Personal Allowances. However, bear in mind that the amount of income a child can derive from a parent is limited to £100 each year. However, Child Trust Funds and Junior Individual Savings Accounts (JISAs) can be funded by parents.

Pension contributions of up to £3,600 gross per year can be made by individuals with no taxable income. The net contribution after tax relief contributed at source by the UK Government would be just £2,880. At the other end of the scale, the Annual Allowance (AA) for making tax-relievable pension contributions is £40,000, so consideration should be made to utilising the full AA for 2014-15 by 5 April 2015. It is also possible to carry forward unused AAs from the previous three tax years, so it may be possible to receive tax relief in the current tax year on contributions well in excess of £40,000 with a little planning.

The pension Life Time Allowance (LTA – the total amount of UK pension savings each individual is allowed to build up in their lifetime) is currently £1.25M although the Budget reduces this to £1m next year. The new “flexible draw down” pension rules from 6 April 2015 onwards will allow individuals the opportunity to plan their affairs to manage the level of the money they take from their pension pot to both minimise annual income tax liabilities and keep within the LTA.

Use of tax-favoured investments such as ISAs, Enterprise Investment Schemes, Seed Enterprise Investment Schemes, and Venture Capital Trusts should also be reviewed. Up to £15,000 per person (so up to £30,000 for a married couple) can be invested in an ISA for the 2014-15 year.

Incomes can fluctuate from year to year as a result of one-off payments or changes in circumstances. Consideration should therefore be given to the benefits of accelerating or deferring the taxation point of investment income, employment bonuses etc., and also to the timing of the payment of dividends paid out by family owned companies. Similarly, the acceleration of expenditure on business expenses/capital assets qualifying for capital allowances could prove beneficial.

Taxable income of between £100,000 and £120,000 is effectively taxed at a rate of 60% due to the loss of the Personal Allowance, which is reduced by £1 for every £2 of income between £100,000 and £120,000. Deferral of income may therefore save tax at the rate of 60% although planning might also include the use of additional pension contributions, charitable donations, etc.

Entitlement to Child Benefit payments could also be protected/reinstated using year end personal tax planning.

Consideration should be given to utilising the tax-free Annual Exemption (currently £11,000) on capital gains. Each spouse/civil partner is entitled to the exemption each year so gifts between spouses prior to sales of assets can be tax-effective. It may be worth crystallising capital losses where gains in excess of the Annual Exemption have been made. The deferral of sales until after 5 April may see tax paid at lower rates and provide significant cash-flow benefits in terms of when tax needs to be paid.

The use/carry forward of the £3,000 Inheritance Tax annual exemption should be reviewed, together with other possible exemptions such as those for small gifts of up to £250 per individual, regular gifts out of normal annual income, and tax-free gifts in consideration of marriage, which can range between £1,000 and £5,000 depending on the relationship with the person getting married.

Disclaimer - The above blog does not constitute advice and not should be taken as such. The author accepts no responsibility for losses arising from taking action based on the contents of this blog alone. I also  recommend that you should seek detailed financial advice from an appropriately qualified advisor if you believe you might benefit from any year end planning that involves investments and/or pensions.